Ancient Documents Denoising and Decomposition Using Aujol and Chambolle Algorithm

With the improvement of printing technology since the 15th century, there is a huge amount of printed documents published and distributed. These documents are degraded by the time and require to be preprocessed before being submitted to image indexing strategy, in order to enhance the quality of images. This paper proposes a new pre-processing that permits to denoise these documents, by using a Aujol and Chambolle algorithm. Aujol and Chambolle algorithm allows to extract meaningful components from image. In this case, we can extract shapes, textures and noise. Some examples of specific processings applied on each layer are illustrated in this paper

Devenir pieuse (femmes musulmanes en France et en Allemagne entre réforme de soi et quête de reconnaissance)

Cette thèse a pour objet d'étudier les enjeux de la quête d'une vie pieuse poursuivie par de jeunes musulmanes en France et Allemagne. Les pratiques discursives et corporelles examinées concernent l'acquisition du savoir islamique, la prière rituelle et la modestie féminine. Elles circonscrivent d'abord un régime de discipline visant à façonner le sujet pieux. Par ailleurs, elles deviennent des enjeux dans un contexte d'interactions sociales, au sein des espaces publics séculiers. Si l'analyse de ces pratiques fait apparaître un processus de renégociation des rapports de genre, cette renégociation ne questionne pas radicalement le cadre patriarcal de l'orthodoxie islamique. En conclusion, le sujet pieux se dessinant ici questionne la conceptualisation normative du 'sujet', défini en termes d'autonomie et de rationalité. Sans rejeter complètement ces idéaux, les femmes se réfèrent aussi à d'autres valeurs traditionnelles. Or, ces valeurs donnent lieu à une forme particulière d'agency.This dissertation investigates the trajectories of piety of young Muslim women in France and Germany. The dissertation examines various discursive and bodily practices connected to the acquisition of (religious) knowledge, the ritual Islamic prayer, and female modesty. These practices circumscribe a regime of self-discipline which fashions the pious Muslim subject. However, they also become meaningful in contexts of social interaction in the secular public spheres. If an analysis of the different practices reveals processes of renegotiation of gender norms, these do not necessarily lead to a (radical) questioning of the patriarchal framework of Islamic orthodoxy. To conclude, the pious subject who is emerging questions the normative understanding of the term 'subject', defined through autonomy and rationality. Without rejecting completely these ideals, the women refer to seemingly contradictory values. However, these 'traditional' values give rise to a particular form of agency.PARIS3-BU (751052102) / SudocSudocFranceF

On the use of the tree structure of depth levels for comparing 3D object views

Today the simple availability of 3D sensory data, the evolution of 3D representations, and their application to object recognition and scene analysis tasks promise to improve autonomy and flexibility of robots in several domains. However, there has been little research into what can be gained through the explicit inclusion of the structural relations between parts of objects when quantifying similarity of their shape, and hence for shape-based object category recognition. We propose a Mathematical Morphology inspired hierarchical decomposition of 3D object views into peak components at evenly spaced depth levels, casting the 3D shape similarity problem to a tree of more elementary similarity problems. The matching of these trees of peak components is here compared to matching the individual components through optimal and greedy assignment in a simple feature space, trying to find the maximum-weight-maximal-match assignments. The matching thus achieved provides a metric of total shape similarity between object views. The three matching strategies are evaluated and compared through the category recognition accuracy on objects from a public set of 3D models. It turns out that all three methods yield similar accuracy on the simple features we used, while the greedy method is fastest

Inventory of the free-living marine nematode species from el Bibane Lagoon (Tunisia)

Inventari de les espècies de nematodes de vida lliure de la llacuna del Bibane (Tunísia) S’ha fet un inventari detallat dels nematodes de vida lliure de la part nord de Tunísia, però la part sud del país està inexplorada. La llacuna del Bibane és la segona més extensa de Tunísia, per la qual cosa té una importància fonamental per al desenvolupament de futures accions de conservació i cal avaluar-ne la biodiversitat. S’hi van trobar 71 espècies de nematodes, pertanyents a 68 gèneres i 22 famílies. La riquesa més baixa es va registrar a la zona central de la llacuna, on es concentren els percentatges més elevats de llot i matèria orgànica. El nombre d’espècies trobades en aquest estudi és alt si es compara amb el d’altres entorns de transició de la conca mediterrània, però més baix que els registrats al nord d’Europa. La major part de les espècies són típiques d’entorns de transició o de sediments rics en fracció fina i detrits. Les famílies més riques van ser Cyatholaimidae i Chromadoridae, però les trobades amb més freqüència van ser Xyalidae, Linhomoeidae i Cyatholaimidae. Cal posar en relleu que sis espècies recol·lectades són noves per a la ciència, set són nous registres en aigües tunisenques i quatre nous registres a la conca mediterrània. Aquest estudi també aporta informació important per a la biogeografia del fílum atès que fins ara algunes de les espècies registrades aquí només eren conegudes en altres regions geogràfiques. Entre les espècies que en aquest moment apareixen com a endèmiques al mar Mediterrani es troben Chromadorina metulata, Synonchiella edax, Paralongicyatholaimus mastigodes, Trichotheristus setifer i Metalinhomoeus numidicus. Dades publicades a GBIF (doi:10.15470/wuvqpg)A detailed inventory of the free-living nematodes of Tunisia has been made for the northern part of Tunisia, but the southern part of the country is unexplored. El Bibane is the second largest lagoon in Tunisia. It is thus of high importance for future conservation actions, but little is known about its biodiversity. In this study, we identified 71 nematode species, belonging to 68 genera and 22 families. Richness was lowest in the central area of the lagoon where the highest percentages of mud and organic matter were found. The number of species detected in this study is high compared to other transitional environments in the Mediterranean basin, but lower than those reported for North Europe. Most of the species are typical of transitional environments or sediments rich in the fine fraction and detritus. The richest families were Cyatholaimidae and Chromadoridae, but the most frequently found species were Xyalidae, Linhomoeidae and Cyatholaimidae. Six of the species collected are new to science, seven are new records for Tunisian waters, and four are new for the Mediterranean basin. This study adds also important information to the biogeography of the phylum because some of the species detected here were previously known only for other geographical regions. Species that currently appear endemic to the Mediterranean Sea include Chromadorina metulata, Synonchiella edax, Paralongicyatholaimus mastigodes, Trichotheristus setifer and Metalinhomoeus numidicus. Data published in GBIF (doi:10.15470/wuvqpg)Inventario de las especies de nematodos de vida libre de la laguna de El Bibane (Túnez) Se ha realizado un inventario detallado de los nematodos de vida libre de la parte norte de Túnez, pero la parte sur del país está inexplorada. La laguna de El Bibane es la segunda más extensa de Túnez, por lo que su importancia es fundamental para el desarrollo de futuras acciones de conservación y su biodiversidad debe ser evaluada. Se encontraron 71 especies de nematodos, pertenecientes a 68 géneros y 22 familias, registrándose la menor riqueza en la zona central de la laguna, donde se concentran los porcentajes más elevados de lodo y materia orgánica. El número de especies halladas en este estudio es elevado si se compara con el de otros entornos de transición de la cuenca mediterránea, pero más bajo que los registrados en el norte de Europa. La mayor parte de las especies son típicas de entornos de transición o de sedimentos ricos en fracción fina y detritos. Las familias más ricas fueron Cyatholaimidae y Chromadoridae, pero las halladas con mayor frecuencia fueron Xyalidae, Linhomoeidae y Cyatholaimidae. Merece destacarse que seis especies recolectadas son nuevas para la ciencia, siete son nuevos registros en aguas tunecinas y cuatro nuevos registros en la cuenca mediterránea. Este estudio aporta asimismo información importante para la biogeografía del filo puesto que hasta ahora algunas de las especies registradas aquí eran conocidas únicamente en otras regiones geográficas. Entre las especies que en este momento aparecen como endémicas en el mar Mediterráneo se encuentran Chromadorina metulata, Synonchiella edax, Paralongicyatholaimus mastigodes, Trichotheristus setifer y Metalinhomoeus numidicus. Datos publicados en GBIF (doi:10.15470/wuvqpg

Inventory of the free-living marine nematode species from el Bibane Lagoon (Tunisia)

A detailed inventory of the free-living nematodes of Tunisia has been made for the northern part of Tunisia, but the southern part of the country is unexplored. El Bibane is the second largest lagoon in Tunisia. It is thus of high importance for future conservation actions, but little is known about its biodiversity. In this study, we identified 71 nematode species, belonging to 68 genera and 22 families. Richness was lowest in the central area of the lagoon where the highest percentages of mud and organic matter were found. The number of species detected in this study is high compared to other transitional environments in the Mediterranean basin, but lower than those reported for North Europe. Most of the species are typical of transitional environments or sediments rich in the fine fraction and detritus. The richest families were Cyatholaimidae and Chromadoridae, but the most frequently found species were Xyalidae, Linhomoeidae and Cyatholaimidae. Six of the species collected are new to science, seven are new records for Tunisian waters, and four are new for the Mediterranean basin. This study adds also important information to the biogeography of the phylum because some of the species detected here were previously known only for other geographical regions. Species that currently appear endemic to the Mediterranean Sea include Chromadorina metulata, Synonchiella edax, Paralongicyatholaimus mastigodes, Trichotheristus setifer and Metalinhomoeus numidicus. Data published in GBIF (doi:10.15470/wuvqpg

Étude sur l’agriculture familiale à petite échelle au Proche-Orient et Afrique du Nord. Pays focus : Tunisie

International audienceEn Tunisie, l’agriculture familiale fait face à un grand nombre de contraintes et « court le risque d’une disparition pure et simple » (Amri, 2002) sous l’effet conjugué de plusieurs facteurs structurels: un morcellement important des exploitations, un vieillissement de la population rurale, un désintéressement des jeunes, -enfants d’exploitants agricoles-, qui voient dans l'agriculture un métier dévalorisant et fort peu lucratif alors que le taux de chômage avoisine 15,3% au troisième trimestre 2015. Les problèmes fonciers et le morcellement des parcelles posent le problème de financement de l'agriculture en limitant l'accès aux crédits. La présente étude sur l’agriculture familiale (AF) en Tunisie entre dans le cadre de l’initiative régionale de la FAO (objectif stratégique 3 portant sur la réduction de la pauvreté). Elle vise à analyser la place de l’AF et sa contribution dans l’économie agricole et rurale, les politiques publiques et en particulier les mesures d’appui qui lui sont dédiées. Elle a pour objectif de formuler des recommandations pouvant améliorer son fonctionnement et consolider ses fonctions économiques, sociales et environnementales. L’étude porte sur trois thèmes majeurs : les structures de production, la transition structurelle et les politiques publiques d’appui à l’agriculture familiale / aux petites exploitations. C’est au travers de ces trois axes d’analyse que seront traitées les informations ainsi que les études utilisées pour la rédaction de cette synthèse. La méthode s’appuie essentiellement sur la collecte et le traitement de l’information statistique disponible ainsi que sur des entretiens et des focus portant sur des études de cas déjà produites

The evaluation of tree performance after transplanting

SIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DXN012221 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo

Graph Embedding Using Constant Shift Embedding

In the literature, although structural representations (e.g. graph) are more powerful than feature vectors in terms of representational abilities, many robust and efficient methods for classification (unsupervised and supervised) have been developed for feature vector representations. In this paper, we propose a graph embedding technique based on the constant shift embedding which transforms a graph to a real vector. This technique gives the abilities to perform the graph classification tasks by procedures based on feature vectors. Through a set of experiments we show that the proposed technique outperforms the classification in the original graph domain and the other graph embedding techniques